{"id":63,"date":"2016-03-04T23:43:12","date_gmt":"2016-03-04T22:43:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/dpgov\/wordpress\/?page_id=36"},"modified":"2016-03-04T23:43:12","modified_gmt":"2016-03-04T22:43:12","slug":"observatoire-des-autorites-de-protection","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.julienrossi.com\/blog\/les-institutions\/observatoire-des-autorites-de-protection\/","title":{"rendered":"Observatoire des autorit\u00e9s de protection"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>La pr\u00e9sente page regroupe des informations sur diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9tudes men\u00e9es sur les autorit\u00e9s de protection des donn\u00e9es \u00e0 caract\u00e8re personnel, leurs attributions, et l&#8217;\u00e9volution des moyens leur \u00e9tant attribu\u00e9s.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Les autorit\u00e9s de protection des donn\u00e9es \u00e0 caract\u00e8re personnel jouent un r\u00f4le essentiel dans l&#8217;architecture des politiques publiques de protection de la vie priv\u00e9e. Or, il existe une grande diversit\u00e9 d&#8217;autorit\u00e9s, y compris au sein de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne, tant sur le plan de leurs comp\u00e9tences que sur celui de leurs moyens humains et financiers. Leur importance est consacr\u00e9e par la jurisprudence de la Cour de justice de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne :<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span id=\"pagePrincipale\">L\u2019exigence de contr\u00f4le par une autorit\u00e9 ind\u00e9pendante du respect des r\u00e8gles de l\u2019Union relatives \u00e0 la protection des personnes physiques \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard du traitement des donn\u00e9es \u00e0 caract\u00e8re personnel r\u00e9sulte \u00e9galement du droit primaire de l\u2019Union, notamment de l\u2019article\u00a08, paragraphe\u00a03, de la charte des droits fondamentaux de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne et de l\u2019article\u00a016, paragraphe\u00a02, TFUE. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span id=\"pagePrincipale\">L\u2019institution, dans les \u00c9tats membres, d\u2019autorit\u00e9s de contr\u00f4le ind\u00e9pendantes constitue ainsi un \u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel du respect de la protection des personnes \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard du traitement des donn\u00e9es \u00e0 caract\u00e8re personnel (arr\u00eats Commission\/Allemagne, C\u2011518\/07, EU:C:2010:125, point\u00a023, et Commission\/Autriche, C\u2011614\/10, EU:C:2012:631, point\u00a037), comme cela est d\u2019ailleurs relev\u00e9 au consid\u00e9rant\u00a062 de la directive 95\/46.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&#8212; <a href=\"http:\/\/curia.europa.eu\/juris\/document\/document.jsf;jsessionid=9ea7d2dc30d5d92d56646c134cf0a563e250748a0b94.e34KaxiLc3qMb40Rch0SaxuSbhz0?text=&amp;docid=150641&amp;pageIndex=0&amp;doclang=FR&amp;mode=lst&amp;dir=&amp;occ=first&amp;part=1&amp;cid=1148240\" target=\"_blank\">CJUE 8 avril 2014 &#8220;Commission contre Hongrie&#8221; Aff. C-288\/12<\/a><\/p>\n<p>La protection de cette ind\u00e9pendance est d&#8217;ailleurs le seul \u00e9l\u00e9ment dont la violation a entra\u00een\u00e9 le lancement d&#8217;une proc\u00e9dure en manquement contre des Etats membres de l&#8217;UE, exception faite d&#8217;une proc\u00e9dure contre le Luxembourg qui n&#8217;avait pas, pass\u00e9 le d\u00e9lai de transposition de la directive 95\/46\/CE, transpos\u00e9 cette derni\u00e8re. Mais quel est le poids de cette ind\u00e9pendance si les autorit\u00e9s ne sont dot\u00e9es ni de moyens suffisants, ni des pouvoirs d&#8217;investigation et de sanction suffisants ?<\/p>\n<p>Ces autorit\u00e9s ont, d&#8217;une part, fait l&#8217;objet d&#8217;une \u00e9tude par l&#8217;Agence de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne pour les droits fondamentaux, <a href=\"http:\/\/fra.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/tk3109265frc_fr_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">disponible<\/a> en fran\u00e7ais. Cette enqu\u00eate n&#8217;est cependant plus tr\u00e8s r\u00e9cente, puisqu&#8217;elle date de 2010. Elle montre une assez large disparit\u00e9 dans les pouvoirs d&#8217;investigation et de sanction des diff\u00e9rentes autorit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>En termes de moyens humains, voici un tableau r\u00e9sumant l&#8217;\u00e9volution de la situation entre la p\u00e9riode 2010-2011 et la p\u00e9riode 2014-2015 :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Tableau des moyens humains<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Autorit\u00e9 nationale<\/td>\n<td>Population 2011<\/td>\n<td>ETP* 2011<\/td>\n<td>Index (2011)<\/td>\n<td>Population (2014)<\/td>\n<td>ETP* 2014<\/td>\n<td>Index (2014) *<\/td>\n<td>variation des ETP<\/td>\n<td>Variation de l&#8217;index<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>FRANCE<\/td>\n<td>65327724<\/td>\n<td>159<\/td>\n<td>2,4338824356<\/td>\n<td>65835579<\/td>\n<td>185<\/td>\n<td>2,8100307282<\/td>\n<td>26<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IRLANDE<\/td>\n<td>4582769<\/td>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>4,8005910837<\/td>\n<td>4605501<\/td>\n<td>35<\/td>\n<td>7,5996075128<\/td>\n<td>13<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>REP. TCHEQUE<\/td>\n<td>10505445<\/td>\n<td>99<\/td>\n<td>9,423684575<\/td>\n<td>10512419<\/td>\n<td>99<\/td>\n<td>9,4174328478<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td>-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ITALIE<\/td>\n<td>60820696<\/td>\n<td>109<\/td>\n<td>1,7921531184<\/td>\n<td>60782668<\/td>\n<td>113<\/td>\n<td>1,8590825924<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ESPAGNE<\/td>\n<td>46196276<\/td>\n<td>157<\/td>\n<td>3,3985423414<\/td>\n<td>46512199<\/td>\n<td>156<\/td>\n<td>3,3539588184<\/td>\n<td>-1<\/td>\n<td>-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PAYS-BAS<\/td>\n<td>16730348<\/td>\n<td>79<\/td>\n<td>4,7219579652<\/td>\n<td>16829289<\/td>\n<td>82<\/td>\n<td>4,8724577729<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HONGRIE<\/td>\n<td>9957731<\/td>\n<td>59<\/td>\n<td>5,9250445709<\/td>\n<td>9877365<\/td>\n<td>66<\/td>\n<td>6,6819440205<\/td>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ROYAUME UNI<\/td>\n<td>62989551<\/td>\n<td>330<\/td>\n<td>5,2389641577<\/td>\n<td>64308261<\/td>\n<td>378<\/td>\n<td>5,8779384502<\/td>\n<td>48<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PORTUGAL<\/td>\n<td>10541840<\/td>\n<td>28<\/td>\n<td>2,6560828091<\/td>\n<td>10427301<\/td>\n<td>25<\/td>\n<td>2,3975523484<\/td>\n<td>-3<\/td>\n<td>-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>AUTRICHE<\/td>\n<td>8443018<\/td>\n<td>21<\/td>\n<td>2,4872622562<\/td>\n<td>8506889<\/td>\n<td>25<\/td>\n<td>2,9387946639<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>LITUANIE<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>2943472<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>10,1920453125<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BELGIQUE<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>11203992<\/td>\n<td>52,3<\/td>\n<td>4,667979056<\/td>\n<td>52<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>GRECE<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>10926807<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<td>4,209830008<\/td>\n<td>46<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MOY.<\/td>\n<td>29609539,8<\/td>\n<td>106,3<\/td>\n<td>4,2878165313<\/td>\n<td>24867057,0769231<\/td>\n<td>99,4076923077<\/td>\n<td>3,9975656146<\/td>\n<td>-7<\/td>\n<td>-0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MOY.<br \/>\n(avec juste les<br \/>\n10 autorit\u00e9s de 2010)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>116,4<\/td>\n<td>4,7808799756<\/td>\n<td>10,1<\/td>\n<td>0,4930634442<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">ETP = \u00e9quivalent temps-plein<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Tableau de l&#8217;\u00e9volution des moyens financiers<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Autorit\u00e9 nationale<\/td>\n<td>PIB 2011<\/td>\n<td>Budget<\/td>\n<td>Indice<br \/>\nP\u00e9riode: 2010-2011<\/td>\n<td>PIB 2014<\/td>\n<td>Budget<\/td>\n<td>Index<br \/>\n2013-2014<\/td>\n<td>Variation de l&#8217;index<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>FRANCE<\/td>\n<td>2213<\/td>\n<td>15,8<\/td>\n<td>0,7139629462<\/td>\n<td>2336<\/td>\n<td>15,6<\/td>\n<td>0,6678082192<\/td>\n<td>-0,046154727<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IRLANDE<\/td>\n<td>187<\/td>\n<td>2,1<\/td>\n<td>1,1229946524<\/td>\n<td>195<\/td>\n<td>2,6<\/td>\n<td>1,3333333333<\/td>\n<td>0,2103386809<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>REP. TCHEQUE<\/td>\n<td>284<\/td>\n<td>2,5<\/td>\n<td>0,8802816901<\/td>\n<td>295<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td>-0,8802816901<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ITALIE<\/td>\n<td>1846<\/td>\n<td>8,5<\/td>\n<td>0,4604550379<\/td>\n<td>1846<\/td>\n<td>7,6<\/td>\n<td>0,4117009751<\/td>\n<td>-0,0487540628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ESPAGNE<\/td>\n<td>1405<\/td>\n<td>14,4<\/td>\n<td>1,024911032<\/td>\n<td>1424<\/td>\n<td>13,5<\/td>\n<td>0,9480337079<\/td>\n<td>-0,0768773242<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PAYS-BAS<\/td>\n<td>701<\/td>\n<td>7,7<\/td>\n<td>1,0984308131<\/td>\n<td>717<\/td>\n<td>7,6<\/td>\n<td>1,059972106<\/td>\n<td>-0,0384587071<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HONGRIE<\/td>\n<td>195<\/td>\n<td>1,3<\/td>\n<td>0,6666666667<\/td>\n<td>205<\/td>\n<td>1,7<\/td>\n<td>0,8292682927<\/td>\n<td>0,162601626<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ROYAUME UNI<\/td>\n<td>2288<\/td>\n<td>18,3<\/td>\n<td>0,7998251748<\/td>\n<td>2497<\/td>\n<td>17,5<\/td>\n<td>0,7008410092<\/td>\n<td>-0,0989841656<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>GRECE<\/td>\n<td>294<\/td>\n<td>1,8<\/td>\n<td>0,612244898<\/td>\n<td>271<\/td>\n<td>1,8<\/td>\n<td>0,6642066421<\/td>\n<td>0,0519617441<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ROUMANIE<\/td>\n<td>267<\/td>\n<td>0,8<\/td>\n<td>0,2996254682<\/td>\n<td>295<\/td>\n<td>0,6<\/td>\n<td>0,2033898305<\/td>\n<td>-0,0962356377<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PORTUGAL<\/td>\n<td>248<\/td>\n<td>3,5<\/td>\n<td>1,4112903226<\/td>\n<td>251<\/td>\n<td>2,3<\/td>\n<td>0,9163346614<\/td>\n<td>-0,4949556612<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ESTONIE<\/td>\n<td>27<\/td>\n<td>0,6<\/td>\n<td>2,2222222222<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td>-2,2222222222<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MALTE<\/td>\n<td>11<\/td>\n<td>0,3<\/td>\n<td>2,7272727273<\/td>\n<td>12<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td>-2,7272727273<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BELGIQUE<\/td>\n<td>414<\/td>\n<td>5,2<\/td>\n<td>1,2560386473<\/td>\n<td>434<\/td>\n<td>7,4<\/td>\n<td>1,7050691244<\/td>\n<td>0,4490304771<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>LITUANIE<\/td>\n<td>62<\/td>\n<td>0,5<\/td>\n<td>0,8064516129<\/td>\n<td>70<\/td>\n<td>0,7<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>0,1935483871<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MOY.<\/td>\n<td>696,1333333333<\/td>\n<td>5,5533333333<\/td>\n<td>1,0735115941<\/td>\n<td>725,2<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\">Donn\u00e9es incompl\u00e8tes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Certaines donn\u00e9es d&#8217;actualisation de l&#8217;<a href=\"http:\/\/afcdp.net\/IMG\/pdf\/rossi_julien_memoire_autorites_nationales_de_pdp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\u00e9tude datant de 2013<\/a> manquent \u00e0 l&#8217;heure actuelle. Mais nous avons interrompu la collecte des informations pour l&#8217;instant, en attendant les r\u00e9sultats d&#8217;une enqu\u00eate similaire\u00a0 &#8211; et plus compl\u00e8te &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aki.ee\/en\/inspectorate\/typology-dpa-s\" target=\"_blank\">men\u00e9e par l&#8217;autorit\u00e9 estonienne<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Vous pouvez \u00e9galement t\u00e9l\u00e9charger les jeux de donn\u00e9es dans un tableur : <a href=\"http:\/\/localhost\/dpgov\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/stats-2014.ods\" rel=\"\">stats 2014<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/localhost\/dpgov\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/sources-donn\u00e9es-2014.odt\" rel=\"\">sources donn\u00e9es 2014<\/a><\/p>\n<p>A noter que les documents ci-dessus sont des documents de travail n&#8217;ayant pas \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7us dans un objet de publication. Ils peuvent cependant \u00eatre utiles \u00e0 d&#8217;autres chercheurs, et c&#8217;est pourquoi nous les avons partag\u00e9s ci-dessus.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La pr\u00e9sente page regroupe des informations sur diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9tudes men\u00e9es sur les autorit\u00e9s de protection des donn\u00e9es \u00e0 caract\u00e8re personnel, leurs attributions, et l&#8217;\u00e9volution des moyens leur \u00e9tant attribu\u00e9s. Les autorit\u00e9s de protection des donn\u00e9es \u00e0 caract\u00e8re personnel jouent un&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":21,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-63","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","no-post-thumbnail"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.julienrossi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/63","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.julienrossi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.julienrossi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.julienrossi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.julienrossi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.julienrossi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/63\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.julienrossi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.julienrossi.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}